Citation Details

United States

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United States Courts

United States Supreme Court

us;federal;supreme.court

Citation Form: Prior to West NRS in 1875, in nominative reporters (Dallas 1790-1800, Cranch 1801-1815, Wheaton 1816-1827, Peters 1828-1842, Howard 1843-1860, Black 1861-1862, & Wallace 1863-1874); each nominative later given a backdated official "United States Reports" citation as well. Each nominative will thus have a U.S. Reports volume number, the U.S. abbreviated reporter name, a nominative volume number, an abbreviated nominative name, a page number for beginning of case, if needed, pinpoint page cites (the page numbers in the nominatives and the backdated US Reports are the same), and finally the year of decision in parentheses.

In addition there are other unofficial print reporters that are frequently cited, so each case will have a separate citation string comprising that reporter's volume number, the abbreviated reporter name, a first page for the case in that reporter, as well as any pinpoint citations, followed by the year of decision in parentheses.

Circuit Justice Opinions

Circuit Justices are U.S. Supreme Court justices siting not as the Supreme Court, but as either the Circuit Justice overseeing one of the Federal Judicial Circuits, or sitting as an intermediate appellate judge in one of the Courts of Appeals, or sitting as a trial judge in one of the District Courts.

Citations are to the same sources as opinions of the U.S. Supreme Court, if therein, or to the reporters for the Courts of Appeals or District Courts, if therein. If in all of these, the last name of the justice, followed by ", Circuit Justice" is put in the date parenthetical before the year of decision. If the justice is sitting in a lower court, the comma-separated abbreviated court name is inserted before the year of decision as well.

Black's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Black
From: 1861
To: 1862
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Cranch's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Cranch
From: 1801
To: 1815
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Dallas' Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Dall.
From: 1790
To: 1880
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Howard's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: How.
From: 1843
To: 1860
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lawyer's Edition
Abbrev: L. Ed. 2d
From: 1956
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lawyer's Edition
Abbrev: L. Ed.
From: 1790
To: 1956
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Peters' Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Pet.
From: 1828
To: 1842
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: U.S.
From: 1790
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Wallace's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Wall.
From: 1863
To: 1874
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West's Supreme Court Reporter
Abbrev: S. Ct.
From: 1882
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Wheaton's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Wheat.
From: 1816
To: 1827
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Federal Circuit Courts

Circuit Courts of Appeal

Operational: 1891 to present

The title for the numbered circuits from 1891 to 1948 is: United States Court of Appeals for the XX Circuit.

The title for the numbered circuits from 1948 is: United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the XX Circuit

1891 Act created 9 circuits; 10th Circuit added 1929 (out of the 8th Circuit); the D.C. Circuit was added 1942 (Congress recognized the Court of Appeals of DC, established 1893, as a Circuit); 11th Circuit added 1980 (out of the 5th Circuit); the Federal Circuit added 1982 (from the old US Court of Customs and Patent Appeals and the appellate jurisdiction of the US Court of Claims); currently 11 numbered geographical circuits, the DC Circuit, & the Federal Circuit.

Citation Form: volume number, reporter abbreviation [to the Federal Reporter (v. 1-300, 1880-1924); Federal Reporter, 2d Series (v. 1-999, 1924-1993); or Federal Reporter, 3d Series (v. 1-current, 1993-present)], a first page for the case in that reporter, as well as any pinpoint citations, followed by a string in parentheses containing the abbreviated court name, in this case, the circuit a comma, and the year of decision. Since 2001, some "unpublished" decisions are being published unofficially in a West reporter, the Federal Appendix. Their citations conform to published opinions.

United States Circuit Courts

Operational: 1789 to 1912

Trial courts for diversity suits and major federal crimes; appellate jurisdiction over the District Courts

1 for each Federal Judicial District in theory; some districts did not have them because they were either too difficult for circuit-riding justices to reach or were new states for which Congress had not yet established a circuit court

From 1789 to 1880, published by private publishers as nominative reporters, later collected by West and published as "Federal Cases" (analogous to the English Reports). From 1880 to 1912, published in the Federal Reporter. The older cases will have nominative volume number, abbreviated reporter title, first page, pinpoints (if any), a Federal Cases volume number, the abbreviated reporter, and the page/pinpoints in that reporter, followed by a parenthetical string with a Federal Judicial District Circuit Court name abbreviation and year of decision, followed by another parenthetical string with the Federal Cases case number. Cases after 1880 will just have the Federal Reporter volume, abbreviated reporter name, first page/pinpoints, , followed by a parenthetical string with a Federal Judicial District Circuit Court name abbreviation and year of decision.

United States District Courts

Operational: 1789 to present

1 for each Federal Judicial District

From 1789 to 1880, published by private publishers as nominative reporters, later collected by West and published as "Federal Cases" (analogous to the English Reports). From 1880 to 1932, published in the Federal Reporter. From 1932 to present, published in the Federal Supplement (v. 1-999, 1932-1998), Federal Supplement, Second Series (v. 1-current, 1998 to present). Some cases only published in more specialized reporters: Federal Rules Decisions (1940 to present); West's Bankruptcy Reporter (1979 to present); or the Federal Rules Service (v. 1-25, 1938-1958), Federal Rules Service, Second Series (v. 1-40, 1958-1985), or Federal Rules Service, Third Series (v. 1-current, 1985 to present). The older cases will have nominative volume number, abbreviated reporter title, first page, pinpoints (if any), a Federal Cases volume number, the abbreviated reporter, and the page/pinpoints in that reporter, followed by a parenthetical string with a Federal Judicial District name abbreviation and year of decision, followed by another parenthetical string with the Federal Cases case number. Cases from 1880 to 1932 will just have the Federal Reporter volume, abbreviated reporter name, first page/pinpoints, , followed by a parenthetical string with a Federal Judicial District name abbreviation and year of decision. Most cases after 1932 will have the Federal Supplement/F.Supp.2d volume, abbreviated reporter name, first page/pinpoints, , followed by a parenthetical string with a Federal Judicial District name abbreviation and year of decision. For cases only published in the more specialized reporters, such as the Federal Rules Decisions, Federal Rules Service, or West's Bankruptcy Reporter, those follow the same model as the Federal Supplement cases, with the exception of the various Federal Rules Service series, which also require the name of the publisher in the date parenthetical.

United States Temporary Emergency Court of Appeals

Operational: 1971 to 1993

Same as United States Court of Appeals for the _ Circuit. Citation is similar but with the abbreviated court name instead of the Circuit in the date parenthetical.

United States Emergency Court of Appeals

Operational: 1942 to 1962

Same as United States Court of Appeals for the _ Circuit. Citation is similar but with the abbreviated court name instead of the Circuit in the date parenthetical.

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the First Circuit

us;federal;1-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit

us;federal;2-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit

us;federal;3-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

us;federal;4-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

us;federal;5-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit

us;federal;6-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit

us;federal;7-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit

us;federal;8-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

us;federal;9-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit

us;federal;10-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit

us;federal;11-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional

Miscellaneous Federal Courts of Special Jurisdiction

The following courts need separate entries

United States Commerce Court

Operational: 1910 to 1913

Not really sure if this is an Art. III or Art. I court. The judges were appointed for a term of years, but were also simultaneously appointed to Circuit Courts of Appeals, which were Art. III appointments.)

Same as United States Court of Appeals for the _ Circuit. Citation is similar but with the abbreviated court name instead of the Circuit in the date parenthetical.

United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court

Operational: 1978 to present

Judges are Art. III judges designated by the Chief Justice of the United States to serve for fixed, non-renewable terms.

Not reported in any reporter. Redacted unclassified opinions are available in PDF on the Court's website.

United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review

Operational: 1978 to present

Judges are Art. III judges designated by the Chief Justice of the United States to serve for fixed, non-renewable terms.

Not reported in any reporter. Redacted unclassified opinions may be available in PDF on the Court's website.

United States Court of Claims

Operational: 1863 to 1982

Art. III court (after 1956, prior to that was an Art. I court) that had both original and appellate jurisdiction. In 1982, the appellate jurisdiction was transferred to the new Federal Circuit, and the original jurisdiction was transferred to the new United States Claims Court, which in 1992 became the United States Court of Federal Claims.

Citations are to the Federal Reporter, Second Series (v. 276-692, 1960 to 1982), Federal Supplement (v. 1-181, 1932-1960), or the Court of Claims Reports (1863-1982).

United States Court of International Trade

Operational: 1980 to present

United States Customs Court

Operational: 1926 to 1980

Changed from Article I court to an Article III court in 1956

United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation

Operational: 1968 to present

United States Special Court, Regional Rail Reorganization Act

[information forthcoming]

United States Alien Terrorist Removal Court

[information forthcoming ...]

Article I Courts

United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals

Operational: 1929 to 1982

United States Court of Customs Appeals

Operational: 1910 to 1929

United States Court of Federal Claims

Operational: 1992 to present

United States Claims Court

Operational: 1982-1992

Other Article I Courts

These also need to be split out to separate court entries:

Article IV Courts

Same for these:

us

us
Bankruptcy Reporter
Abbrev: B.R.
From: 1979
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Board of Tax Appeals Memorandum Decisions
Abbrev: B.T.A.M. (P-H)
From: 1928
To: 1942
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court Martial Records
Abbrev: C.M.R.
From: 1951
To: 1975
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court of Claims Reports
Abbrev: Ct. Cl.
From: 1863
To: 1982
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court of Customs Appeals Reports
Abbrev: Ct. Cust.
From: 1910
To: 1929
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court of Customs and Patent Appeals Reports
Abbrev: C.C.P.A.
From: 1929
To: 1982
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court of International Trade Reports
Abbrev: Ct. Int'l Trade
From: 1980
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Customs Bulletin and Decisions
Abbrev: Cust. B. & Dec.
From: 1967
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Customs Court Reports
Abbrev: Cust. Ct.
From: 1938
To: 1980
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Decisions of the United States Court of Military Appeals
Abbrev: C.M.A.
From: 1951
To: 1975
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Cases
Abbrev: F. Cas.
From: 1789
To: 1880
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Rules Decisions
Abbrev: F.R.D.
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Rules Service
Abbrev: Fed. R. Serv.
From: 1938
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Rules Service
Abbrev: Fed. R. Serv. 2d
From: 1938
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Rules Service
Abbrev: Fed. R. Serv. 3d
From: 1938
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Supplement
Abbrev: F. Supp. 2d
From: 1988
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Supplement
Abbrev: F. Supp.
From: 1932
To: 1988
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
International Trade Reporter Decisions
Abbrev: I.T.R.D. (BNA)
From: 1980
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Military Justice Reporter
Abbrev: M.J.
From: 1975
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Navajo Reporter
Abbrev: Navajo Rptr.
From: 1969
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Reports of the United States Board of Tax Appeals
Abbrev: B.T.A.
From: 1924
To: 1942
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Reports of the United States Tax Court
Abbrev: T.C.
From: 1942
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Tax Court Memorandum Decisions
Abbrev: T.C.M.
From: 1942
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Claims Court Reporter
Abbrev: Cl. Ct.
From: 1983
To: 1992
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Claims Court Reporter
Abbrev: Fed. Cl.
From: 1992
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Law Week
Abbrev: U.S.L.W.
From: 1933
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Veterans Appeals Reporter
Abbrev: Vet. App.
From: 1990
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional