Citation Details
United States
This is a working draft.
United States Courts
United States Supreme Court
us;federal;supreme.court
Citation Form: Prior to West NRS in 1875, in nominative
reporters (Dallas 1790-1800, Cranch 1801-1815, Wheaton
1816-1827, Peters 1828-1842, Howard 1843-1860, Black
1861-1862, & Wallace 1863-1874); each nominative later given
a backdated official "United States Reports" citation as
well. Each nominative will thus have a U.S. Reports volume
number, the U.S. abbreviated reporter name, a nominative
volume number, an abbreviated nominative name, a page number
for beginning of case, if needed, pinpoint page cites (the
page numbers in the nominatives and the backdated US Reports
are the same), and finally the year of decision in
parentheses.
In addition there are other unofficial print reporters that are
frequently cited, so each case will have a separate citation
string comprising that reporter's volume number, the abbreviated
reporter name, a first page for the case in that reporter, as
well as any pinpoint citations, followed by the year of decision
in parentheses.
Circuit Justice Opinions
Circuit Justices are U.S. Supreme Court justices siting not as
the Supreme Court, but as either the Circuit Justice overseeing
one of the Federal Judicial Circuits, or sitting as an
intermediate appellate judge in one of the Courts of Appeals, or
sitting as a trial judge in one of the District Courts.
Citations are to the same sources as opinions of the
U.S. Supreme Court, if therein, or to the reporters for the
Courts of Appeals or District Courts, if therein. If in all of
these, the last name of the justice, followed by ", Circuit
Justice" is put in the date parenthetical before the year of
decision. If the justice is sitting in a lower court, the
comma-separated abbreviated court name is inserted before the
year of decision as well.
Black's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Black
From: 1861
To: 1862
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Cranch's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Cranch
From: 1801
To: 1815
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Dallas' Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Dall.
From: 1790
To: 1880
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Howard's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: How.
From: 1843
To: 1860
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lawyer's Edition
Abbrev: L. Ed. 2d
From: 1956
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lawyer's Edition
Abbrev: L. Ed.
From: 1790
To: 1956
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Peters' Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Pet.
From: 1828
To: 1842
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: U.S.
From: 1790
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Wallace's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Wall.
From: 1863
To: 1874
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West's Supreme Court Reporter
Abbrev: S. Ct.
From: 1882
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Wheaton's Supreme Court Reports
Abbrev: Wheat.
From: 1816
To: 1827
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Federal Circuit Courts
Circuit Courts of Appeal
Operational: 1891 to present
The title for the numbered circuits from 1891 to
1948 is: United States Court of Appeals for the XX Circuit.
The title for the numbered circuits from 1948 is: United
States Circuit Court of Appeals for the XX Circuit
1891 Act created 9 circuits; 10th Circuit added 1929 (out of
the 8th Circuit); the D.C. Circuit was added 1942 (Congress
recognized the Court of Appeals of DC, established 1893, as a
Circuit); 11th Circuit added 1980 (out of the 5th Circuit);
the Federal Circuit added 1982 (from the old US Court of
Customs and Patent Appeals and the appellate jurisdiction of
the US Court of Claims); currently 11 numbered geographical
circuits, the DC Circuit, & the Federal Circuit.
Citation Form: volume number, reporter abbreviation [to
the Federal Reporter (v. 1-300, 1880-1924); Federal Reporter,
2d Series (v. 1-999, 1924-1993); or Federal Reporter, 3d
Series (v. 1-current, 1993-present)], a first page for the
case in that reporter, as well as any pinpoint citations,
followed by a string in parentheses containing the
abbreviated court name, in this case, the circuit a comma,
and the year of decision. Since 2001, some "unpublished"
decisions are being published unofficially in a West
reporter, the Federal Appendix. Their citations conform to
published opinions.
United States Circuit Courts
Operational: 1789 to 1912
Trial courts for diversity suits and major federal crimes;
appellate jurisdiction over the District Courts
1 for each Federal Judicial District in theory; some
districts did not have them because they were either too
difficult for circuit-riding justices to reach or were new
states for which Congress had not yet established a circuit
court
From 1789 to 1880, published by private publishers as
nominative reporters, later collected by West and published
as "Federal Cases" (analogous to the English Reports). From
1880 to 1912, published in the Federal Reporter. The older
cases will have nominative volume number, abbreviated
reporter title, first page, pinpoints (if any), a Federal
Cases volume number, the abbreviated reporter, and the
page/pinpoints in that reporter, followed by a parenthetical
string with a Federal Judicial District Circuit Court name
abbreviation and year of decision, followed by another
parenthetical string with the Federal Cases case
number. Cases after 1880 will just have the Federal Reporter
volume, abbreviated reporter name, first page/pinpoints, ,
followed by a parenthetical string with a Federal Judicial
District Circuit Court name abbreviation and year of
decision.
United States District Courts
Operational: 1789 to present
1 for each Federal Judicial District
From 1789 to 1880, published by private publishers as
nominative reporters, later collected by West and published
as "Federal Cases" (analogous to the English Reports). From
1880 to 1932, published in the Federal Reporter. From 1932 to
present, published in the Federal Supplement (v. 1-999,
1932-1998), Federal Supplement, Second Series (v. 1-current,
1998 to present). Some cases only published in more
specialized reporters: Federal Rules Decisions (1940 to
present); West's Bankruptcy Reporter (1979 to present); or
the Federal Rules Service (v. 1-25, 1938-1958), Federal Rules
Service, Second Series (v. 1-40, 1958-1985), or Federal Rules
Service, Third Series (v. 1-current, 1985 to present). The
older cases will have nominative volume number, abbreviated
reporter title, first page, pinpoints (if any), a Federal
Cases volume number, the abbreviated reporter, and the
page/pinpoints in that reporter, followed by a parenthetical
string with a Federal Judicial District name abbreviation and
year of decision, followed by another parenthetical string
with the Federal Cases case number. Cases from 1880 to 1932
will just have the Federal Reporter volume, abbreviated
reporter name, first page/pinpoints, , followed by a
parenthetical string with a Federal Judicial District name
abbreviation and year of decision. Most cases after 1932 will
have the Federal Supplement/F.Supp.2d volume, abbreviated
reporter name, first page/pinpoints, , followed by a
parenthetical string with a Federal Judicial District name
abbreviation and year of decision. For cases only published
in the more specialized reporters, such as the Federal Rules
Decisions, Federal Rules Service, or West's Bankruptcy
Reporter, those follow the same model as the Federal
Supplement cases, with the exception of the various Federal
Rules Service series, which also require the name of the
publisher in the date parenthetical.
United States Temporary Emergency Court of Appeals
Operational: 1971 to 1993
Same as United States Court of Appeals for the _
Circuit. Citation is similar but with the abbreviated court
name instead of the Circuit in the date parenthetical.
United States Emergency Court of Appeals
Operational: 1942 to 1962
Same as United States Court of Appeals for the _
Circuit. Citation is similar but with the abbreviated court
name instead of the Circuit in the date parenthetical.
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
us;federal;1-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
us;federal;2-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
us;federal;3-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
us;federal;4-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
us;federal;5-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
us;federal;6-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
us;federal;7-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
us;federal;8-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
us;federal;9-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
us;federal;10-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
us;federal;11-cir
Federal Appendix
Abbrev: F. App'x
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.2d
From: 1924
To: 1993
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.3d
From: 1993
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Reporter
Abbrev: F.
From: 1880
To: 1924
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus Citation
Abbrev: LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Lexis Nexus U.S. Appeals Citation
Abbrev: U.S. App. LEXIS
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
West Law Citation
Abbrev: WL
From: 1750
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Miscellaneous Federal Courts of Special Jurisdiction
The following courts need separate entries
United States Commerce Court
Operational: 1910 to 1913
Not really sure if this is an Art. III or Art. I court. The
judges were appointed for a term of years, but were also
simultaneously appointed to Circuit Courts of Appeals, which
were Art. III appointments.)
Same as United States Court of Appeals for the _
Circuit. Citation is similar but with the abbreviated court
name instead of the Circuit in the date parenthetical.
United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
Operational: 1978 to present
Judges are Art. III judges designated by the Chief Justice of
the United States to serve for fixed, non-renewable terms.
Not reported in any reporter. Redacted unclassified opinions
are available in PDF on the Court's website.
United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review
Operational: 1978 to present
Judges are Art. III judges designated by the Chief Justice of
the United States to serve for fixed, non-renewable terms.
Not reported in any reporter. Redacted unclassified opinions
may be available in PDF on the Court's website.
United States Court of Claims
Operational: 1863 to 1982
Art. III court (after 1956, prior to that was an Art. I
court) that had both original and appellate jurisdiction. In
1982, the appellate jurisdiction was transferred to the new
Federal Circuit, and the original jurisdiction was
transferred to the new United States Claims Court, which in
1992 became the United States Court of Federal Claims.
Citations are to the Federal Reporter, Second Series
(v. 276-692, 1960 to 1982), Federal Supplement (v. 1-181,
1932-1960), or the Court of Claims Reports (1863-1982).
United States Court of International Trade
Operational: 1980 to present
United States Customs Court
Operational: 1926 to 1980
Changed from Article I court to an Article III court in 1956
United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation
Operational: 1968 to present
United States Special Court, Regional Rail Reorganization Act
[information forthcoming]
United States Alien Terrorist Removal Court
[information forthcoming ...]
Article I Courts
United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals
Operational: 1929 to 1982
United States Court of Customs Appeals
Operational: 1910 to 1929
United States Court of Federal Claims
Operational: 1992 to present
United States Claims Court
Operational: 1982-1992
Other Article I Courts
These also need to be split out to separate court entries:
- United States Bankruptcy Courts
- United States Bankruptcy Appellate Panels
- United States Tax Court
- United States Board of Tax Appeals
- United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces
- United States Court of Military Appeals
- United States Military Service Courts of Criminal Appeals:
- United States Army Court of Criminal Appeals
- United States Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals
- United States Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals
- United States Coast Guard Court of Criminal Appeals
- United States Courts of Military Review:
- United States Army Court of Military Review
- United States Navy-Marine Corps Court of Military Review
- United States Air Force Court of Military Review
- United States Coast Guard Court of Military Review
- United States Boards of Review:
- United States Army Board of Review:
- United States Navy-Marine Corps Board of Review
- United States Air Force Board of Review
- United States Coast Guard Board of Review
- United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims
- United States Court of Veterans Appeals
- United States Board of Veterans' Appeals
- Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals
- Civilian Board of Contract Appeals
- Board of Immigration Appeals
- Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences
- Trademark Trial and Appeal Board
- United States Postal Service Board of Contract Appeals
- Social Security Administration's Office of Disability Adjudication and Review
- United States immigration courts
- United States Merit Systems Protection Board
- United States courts-martial
- Military Commissions
- Combatant Status Review Tribunal
- United States Court of Military Commission Review
Article IV Courts
Same for these:
- United States District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands
- United States District Court of Guam
- United States District Court of the Virgin Islands
- United States District Court for the District of the Canal Zone
- (plus others which ceased when their territories became states)
us
us
Bankruptcy Reporter
Abbrev: B.R.
From: 1979
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Board of Tax Appeals Memorandum Decisions
Abbrev: B.T.A.M. (P-H)
From: 1928
To: 1942
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court Martial Records
Abbrev: C.M.R.
From: 1951
To: 1975
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court of Claims Reports
Abbrev: Ct. Cl.
From: 1863
To: 1982
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court of Customs Appeals Reports
Abbrev: Ct. Cust.
From: 1910
To: 1929
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court of Customs and Patent Appeals Reports
Abbrev: C.C.P.A.
From: 1929
To: 1982
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Court of International Trade Reports
Abbrev: Ct. Int'l Trade
From: 1980
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Customs Bulletin and Decisions
Abbrev: Cust. B. & Dec.
From: 1967
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Customs Court Reports
Abbrev: Cust. Ct.
From: 1938
To: 1980
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Decisions of the United States Court of Military Appeals
Abbrev: C.M.A.
From: 1951
To: 1975
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Cases
Abbrev: F. Cas.
From: 1789
To: 1880
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Rules Decisions
Abbrev: F.R.D.
From: 2001
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Rules Service
Abbrev: Fed. R. Serv.
From: 1938
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Rules Service
Abbrev: Fed. R. Serv. 2d
From: 1938
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Rules Service
Abbrev: Fed. R. Serv. 3d
From: 1938
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Supplement
Abbrev: F. Supp. 2d
From: 1988
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Federal Supplement
Abbrev: F. Supp.
From: 1932
To: 1988
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
International Trade Reporter Decisions
Abbrev: I.T.R.D. (BNA)
From: 1980
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Military Justice Reporter
Abbrev: M.J.
From: 1975
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Navajo Reporter
Abbrev: Navajo Rptr.
From: 1969
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Reports of the United States Board of Tax Appeals
Abbrev: B.T.A.
From: 1924
To: 1942
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Reports of the United States Tax Court
Abbrev: T.C.
From: 1942
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Tax Court Memorandum Decisions
Abbrev: T.C.M.
From: 1942
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Claims Court Reporter
Abbrev: Cl. Ct.
From: 1983
To: 1992
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Claims Court Reporter
Abbrev: Fed. Cl.
From: 1992
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
United States Law Week
Abbrev: U.S.L.W.
From: 1933
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional
Veterans Appeals Reporter
Abbrev: Vet. App.
From: 1990
To: present
Neutral: no
Confirmed: no
casename: req'd
date-published: req'd
jurisdiction: req'd
page: req'd
reporter: req'd
volume: req'd
court-place: optional